genetic testing for cancer predisposition

A negative test result means that the laboratory did not find the specific variant that the test was designed to detect. Genetic testing is available for the following types of cancer: Though genetic testing is a personal decision, it is best to make such decisions with the help of family members, health care provider and a genetic counsellor. Genetic testing of tumor cells is addressed in the Tumor DNA Sequencing in Cancer Treatment page. Predictive genetic testing is the type of testing used to look for inherited gene mutations that might put a person at higher risk of getting certain kinds of cancer. It usually takes several weeks or longer to get the test results. What do the results of genetic testing mean? If you would like to reproduce some or all of this content, see Reuse of NCI Information for guidance about copyright and permissions. By contrast, DTC genetic testing for cancer risk often involves the analysis of common inherited genetic variants that, individually, are generally associated with only a minor increase in risk. Health discussions may get complicated when some family members know their genetic status while other family members do not want to know. A person considering genetic testing should discuss costs and health insurance coverage with their doctor and insurance company before being tested. If genetic testing shows a change that has not been previously associated with cancer, the person’s test result may report a variant of uncertain significance, or VUS. People suffering from cancer of paired organs like kidneys or breasts. Discovering a genetic predisposition to lung cancer could … Clinical Chemistry 2011; 57(12): 1641–1644. In addition, only 52% were aware of the availability of genetic tests for FAP and 34% for HNPCC. Preventive care and genetic screening recommended for the patient, Recommendation of support group and other sources of information and resources for the patient, That the person is well informed about the test. Hampel H, Bennett RL, Buchanan A, et al. It is generally recommended that people considering DTC genetic testing make sure that they have chosen a reputable company (i.e., one that fully and clearly discloses its privacy policy). Presented with a family history consistent with HNPCC, 79% could identify the syndrome, 26% recommended genetic counseling for the consultand, and 16% advised appropriate … Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM), Coping with Your Feelings During Advanced Cancer, Emotional Support for Young People with Cancer, Young People Facing End-of-Life Care Decisions, Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment, Tech Transfer & Small Business Partnerships, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Milestones in Cancer Research and Discovery, Step 1: Application Development & Submission, inherited cancer susceptibility syndromes, a list of familial cancer susceptibility syndromes, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome, Cancer Genetics Risk Assessment and Counseling (PDQ®), National Human Genome Research Institute, Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic Testing, National Institutes of Health Genetic Testing Registry, National Library of Medicine Genetics Home Reference, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cancer was diagnosed at an unusually young age, Several different types of cancer occurred in the same person, Cancer in both organs in a set of paired organs, such as both kidneys or both breasts, Several first-degree relatives (the parents, siblings, or children of an individual) have the same type of cancer (for example, a mother, daughter, and sisters with breast cancer); family members with breast or ovarian cancer; family members with colon cancer and endometrial cancer, Unusual cases of a specific cancer type (for example, breast cancer in a man), The presence of birth defects that are known to be associated with inherited cancer syndromes, such as certain noncancerous (benign) skin growths and skeletal abnormalities associated with, Being a member of a racial or ethnic group that is known to have an increased risk of having a certain inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome and having one or more of the above features as well, The appropriateness of genetic testing and potential harms and benefits of testing, The medical implications of positive, negative, and uncertain test results, The possibility that a test result might not be informative (that is, it might find a variant whose effect on cancer risk is not known), The risk of passing a variant to children, Explanation of the specific test(s) that might be used and the technical accuracy of the test(s) and their interpretation, For a person who has cancer, confirm that the cancer was likely due to an inherited genetic variant and help guide treatment choices, Indicate an increased risk of developing certain cancer(s) in the future and guide future management to lower that risk. 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