Metaphors are an important and effective means of representing ideas in a text. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. The terminology used to describe ‘beauty’ is thus, problematic. 04)Teachers solve the questions asked b Answer pls, 3. And only progressive literature can produce self-confidence. January 2021 However, sexuality may be as intrinsic to our relationship with ourselves and the world as we grow older, and with the confidence that comes with life experience and self-awareness, may be even more authentically expressed and enjoyed. Isn’t it high time we talked about the problems of the terminology used to define beauty and the association of it with sexuality if Chughtai tried doing this in 1941? Okay, so that’s the definition of metaphor… When our self-worth is considered to be inextricably tied to having and being desired by a partner, being single may be an assertion of our agency against patriarchal norms around legitimate relationships, sexual behaviour, and family. 'Lihaaf': A Story of the Story. इस लेख को हिंदी में पढ़ने के लिए यहाँ क्लिक करें।. Dedicated helpline for COVID - iCALL, TISS. Authors: Anamika Priyadarshini. As poetic as it may sound, it created a massive uproar at the time as languages in India are also associated with religion. Lackoff and Johson‘s investigation showed even higher frequency of use of metaphor--70% of expressions in language derive from metaphorical concepts. It became the proverbial stick to beat me with and whatever I wrote afterwards got crushed under its weight.”  So said Ismat Chughtai in her book ‘A Life in Words: Memoirs’[1]about  how the short story changed her life, and not for good. Add your answer and earn points. Ismat Chughtai (21 August 1915 – 24 October 1991) was an Indian Urdu novelist, short story writer, and filmmaker. A cross-cutting theme across all forthcoming issues in 2020 is how we can expand safe, inclusive sexuality-affirming spaces. Chughtai’s short story helped bring female homosexuality out of the closet, so to speak, and in doing so, she quickly became one of the forerunners of the erstwhile latent Indian feminist movement. Q.3 Discuss the use of lihaaf as metaphor in Ismat Chughtai’s story. 05)Handiwork is practised in the afternoons Lihaaf is set in pre-partition India and told from the perspective of an unnamed narrator who is the niece of the protagonist, Begum Jaan. Faced with a pandemic in 2020, we were reminded to reimagine wellbeing as more than the absence of disease and rather as a mosaic, its many differently coloured tiles together constituting an intricate and interconnected whole. The frail, beautiful Begum wasted away in anguished loneliness.”. (function($) {window.fnames = new Array(); window.ftypes = new Array();fnames[0]='EMAIL';ftypes[0]='email';fnames[1]='FNAME';ftypes[1]='text';fnames[2]='LNAME';ftypes[2]='text';}(jQuery));var $mcj = jQuery.noConflict(true); A digital magazine on sexuality in the Global South, Wellbeing and Sexuality – Anthology Issue 2021, BLOSSOMING INTO A GARDEN: SPIRITUALITY, SEXUALITY AND ALL-CONSUMING QUEER LOVE IN ‘PUU’, Do Paise Ki Dhoop, Chaar Aane Ki Baarish: A platonic togetherness, Title: Movie Review: Seeing Allred – The fight for equality goes on, Hot Girls Wanted – Keeping up with the times, Why We Still Need Campaigns Like The 16 Days of Activism. Penguin Books, 2013. 02)Children learning by discussing. The main difference between a metaphor and a simile would have to be that a metaphor does not use “like” or “as” in order to compare the two objects with each other. A Life in Words: Memoirs. The unknowingness of the whole truth can also be seen in the narratorial voice. While metaphors are common, they are difficult to develop and carry a lot of meaning. March 2021 Begum Jaan is the wife of an esteemed Nawab who is renowned for his infallible character, partially due to his lack of dealings with prostitutes as was common in those times amongst the nobility. Grishma Trivedi has a masters in English literature and works at Ahmedabad University. I was lost in a sea of nameless faces. We are told finding ‘The One’ is integral to our well-being; our ‘soulmate’ will intuitively understand as well as fulfill all our emotional, sexual, and material needs and desires. Even today, if one openly acknowledges their sexuality and doesn’t conform to the set standards to beauty, they are termed “shameless”. Lihaaf deals with a lonely wife exploring her sexuality, finding solace in the company of the one around her, and a baffled young mind. Ortony (1929) held: all languages are of metaphorical quality. When we are older, our relationships, especially those which are romantic, are often portrayed as devoid of sexual passion and instead, as hingeing on companionship and caregiving, which is fine if that indeed be the case. Lihaaf tells the story of Begum Jaan who is married to an old Nawab Saheb ‘of ripe years’, belonging to a rich Muslim household, imprisoned in the same house by the regressive customs and patriarchal shackles of marriage imposed on a woman, made to suffer a life of isolation because her husband “tucked her away in the house with his other possessions and promptly forgot her”. February 2021 When I first came across ‘Lihaaf’, I was 18 years old. The story refers to a time when women’s bodies were traded in the name of marriage and treated as possessions. The same aversion to addressing sexuality in general can be seen even now. Metaphorically, the 'lihaaf' conceals and puts a cover on the reality. Lihaaf, meaning the quilt, is a metaphor of concealment and secrecy that often a woman’s sexuality, desires and existence is subjected to, and is also a trope for the narrative. Ageing and Sexuality,  I Issue – March 1, 2021 This was because she dared to raise the veil of hypocrisies in Indian society. What Chugtai's short story had in abundance, — a pressing need to reveal difficult truths through beautifully crafted metaphors — is what Kazmi's one hour, 25 minute-long adaptation falls short of, despite staying ardently faithful to the source material. A metaphor (from the Latin “metaphora”) takes an object or action and compares it to something blindingly familiar, but completed unrelated. Not much has changed since then. Being a student of Gender and Intersectional studies, I was proud that Ismat Chughtai’s writing had the power to break barriers of patriarchy and bring to light the untouched subject of female desire and sexuality. Request … PDF | On Jul 7, 2017, Shaifta Ayoub published Flak and Censor: Ismat Chughtai's 'Lihaaf,' The Story on Trial | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Wellbeing and Sexuality – Anthology Issue 2021 Hello friends welcome to my YouTube channel-gourav educator । Is video me me apko bataoga ki kese English ka assignment karna h ।। Or Kya Kya apko Likna h … The Quilt and Other Stories. word or phrase for one thing that is used to refer to another thing in order to show or suggest that they are similar 2 A Metaphor is a figure of speech that makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated, but which share some common characteristics. We may not consider love or commitment a prerequisite to engaging in sexual activity; we may simply be ‘single and not looking to mingle’; we may express and experience intimacy outside of romantic and/or sexual relationships. Though heavily scrutinised, her writings ‘lifted the veil’ over the controversial and made the invisible the subject of discussion. She subverts the patriarchal norms that she has to adhere to by recognising her sexuality and her sexual desires. As older adults we may be made to feel that our desires are superfluous and undignified, and our sexual performance is diminishing or compromised, as is our desirability. Lihaaf, of course, is the first story which springs to mind when we think of Ismat Chughtai. A metaphor is very expressive; it is not meant to be taken literally. they ought to stop that right the question tag​, expansion of idea love thy neighbour as thyself​, ਫੁੱਲ ਗ਼ਮਲੇ ਚੋਂ ਸੁੱਕ ਜਾਂਦੇ, ਜਿਹੜੇ ਉੱਤੋਂ-ਉੱਤੋਂ ਹੱਸਦੇ ਨੇ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਰੋ - ਰੋ ਮੁੱਕ ਜਾਂਦੇ​, write the importance of trees in the context of the poem trees B A 2nd year​, what incident's marked the packing of the hampers?​, 01) But you get the meaning right away. A metaphor is a figure of speech that is used to make a comparison between two things that aren't alike but do have something in common. 01)Very few books are used. Read on: VIDEO PAGE: THE IMPORTANCE OF VULNERABILITY, TARSHI Corner: Hindi Wellbeing and Sexuality, #mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } Lihaaf turned into a watershed moment of her life. metaphor Bedeutung, Definition metaphor: 1. an expression, often found in literature, that describes a person or object by referring to…. Editor’s note: This famous short story by the late Ismat Chugtai (1915-1991) was written in 1941 and banned by the then State Government on charges of obscenity. Socio-cultural negativity around sexuality and ageing make the physical, psychological, and psychosexual changes that come as we grow older, unnecessarily difficult to deal with. In Plainspeak publishes two issues with a theme every month. “I am still labelled as the writer of Lihaaf. At a time when we are witnessing violence (sexual and otherwise) and uncertainty in our world, we probe wellbeing again – how might we care for ourselves, especially while caring for one another, and cultivate practices and spaces which may contribute to a sense of wellbeing? Talking about female ‘sexual’ body parts of women who belonged to a Muslim household, made Chughtai“shameless”. The distance in addressing it but not saying it out loud is visible. The story not only brought Chughtai plenty of media attention, its alleged ‘obscene’ content also got a legal case filed against her although she was later exonerated by the Lahore High Court. Begum Jaan uses her sexuality as a means to empower herself. Though unique to each one of us, our wellbeing is affected by some overarching aspects such as our physical and mental health, our self-image, and our relationships. - 19443906 vaisona9468 is waiting for your help. Other times, a metaphor might explain a phenomenon. Ismatchugtai’s “Lihaaf” is the most controversial and well-known work. Here’s another example: Illogical, right? Her relationship with Rabbu and Nawab Saab’s relationship with the young men;the bodies and their desires bridge the gap left by the heteronormative marriage. First Person Plural First Person Plural: My Life as a Multiple Dissociative Identity Disorder, which was previously known as multiple personality disorder, is a result rooting from... 819 Words; 4 Pages; Comparrative Essay- To Kill a Mockingbird Vs. peerbux363 peerbux363 Explanation: In her short story, Ismat Chughtai creatively uses the 'Lihaaf' both as an object as well as a metaphor. The use of language played a major part in making the story what it was. This site is using cookies under cookie policy. Her research interests include Gender studies, intersectional studies and media studies. The man of the house could use this marriage as a front to continue his ‘veiled’ activities like Nawab Sahab did. The language and the words used are related to sexual re-presentation of a woman’s body. Today, when we talk about female bodies or anything related to our sexuality, we often find solace in the English language. And yet, its meaning is (usually) abundantly clear. 1 See answer vaisona9468 is waiting for your help. Ismat Chughtai wrote about bodies in Urdu. ‘Lihaaf’[2], the controversial short story by Ismat Chugtai was published in the year 1941, way before Independence, in an Urdu Literary Journal titled Adaab-i-Latif. Add your answer and earn points. Metaphors in literature are drops of water: as essential as they are ubiquitous. However, very soon "Parde ke Peeche" became a metaphor for Ismat’s work. We live in a culture organised around relationships. Sexual wellbeing includes not only sexual and reproductive health but also expressing and experiencing sexuality safely, positively, and pleasurably. [1]Chughtai, Iṣmat, and M. Asaduddin. Thisshort story brought immense notoriety to her because the subject she chose is still Sheep Meadow Press, U.S., United States, 1994. ​. Search Results. He could be seen with the young, slender-waisted men in the story, while the patriarch in him didn’t let Begum Jaan go out of the house or visit her relatives. Discuss the use of lihaaf as metaphor in Ismat Chughatai's story. Also, giving voice in the story to a young girl, who did not know much about what was going on around her and with the homosexual Nawab and Begum, is quite representational of an India, a place where homosexuality was till now ‘veiled’. …, y the students. In her autobiography she says, And now it’s important that we develop self-confidence. In the March 2021 issue of In Plainspeak, we examine the place sexuality occupies in our life as we grow older, how it relates to our self-expression, relationships, and sexual and reproductive health and rights, and how notions of sexual wellbeing in older adulthood may be expanded. Their existence was accepted but it was something that was ‘veiled’ and so the narratorial voice in the story uses metaphors so as to not address it openly. Juxtaposed against the broad category of youth, older adulthood is often considered as a period of decline instead of a stage as complex and full as any other in our life. Is it time to come out of ‘the quilt’? Lihaaf not only re-presented the unspoken but also brought to light the While in “Lihaaf” there is a reference of Begum Jaan being the host of several relatives for fulfilling their winter needs, “who would come for visits and stay on for months while she remained a prisoner in the house.” (Chughtai ) Even the child narrator is left at Begam Jaan’s house who is treated as a mouh boli behen by narrator’s mother. "Lihaaf" ("The Quilt") is a 1942 Urdu short story written by Ismat Chughtai. “Having married Begum Jaan he tucked her away in the house with his other possessions and promptly forgot her. Lihaaf not only re-presented the unspoken but also brought to light the taboo subject of female sexuality and the presence of female desires in a heteronormative marriage. The comparison in a metaphor is always non-literal, which makes it weirdly illogical. Her writing talks about women’s bodies not as an object of the male gaze but rather as independent entities. Traffic as a Metaphor Hemavathy Guha 12 pm to 1 pm Zoom Passcode: 511233: Moments Before the Fall Pranay Dutta YouTube All Day: Moments Before the Fall Pranay Dutta YouTube All Day: Moments Before the Fall Pranay Dutta YouTube All Day till 9 pm: Lihaaf Arshi Ahmadzai YouTube 10 am to 6 pm: Searching for Suvendu Suvendu Chatterjee YouTube 12 pm: Power & Pulp Rajyashri Goody YouTube … Metaphors are useful techniques to discuss in essays where you analyse texts. The story brought me so much notoriety that I got sick of life. A woman can be more than something that just exists in a marital home, a woman can be more than just a beautiful body used as a mere decoration in the household. Their marriage stands more as an economic contract between their families. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. We often don’t know the name of body parts in languages other English. /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. However, not all of us seek companionship within a heterosexual and monogamous framework. In other words, a resemblance of two contradictory or different objects is made based on a single or some common characteristics.In simple English, when you portray a person, place, thing, or an action as being something else, even though it is not actually that “something else,” you are speaking metaphorically. The descriptive words used for Begum Jaan are: “Her complexion was marble white without a speck of ruddiness.” A stark contrast can be seen in the description of her masseuse, Rabbu: “She was as dark as Begum Jaan was fair, as purple as the other one was white.” We know that in our country, beauty standards decide the desirability of a woman. February 2014; Social Change 44(1):67-80; DOI: 10.1177/0049085713514824. In the forefront she works within patriarchal norms and adheres to the standards of a dutiful  wife, while within the quilt, she acknowledges her sexual desires and does everything in her power to fulfil them and seeks solace in a non-conforming sexual relationship. Send an email to blogeditor@tarshi.net with your idea. Singlehood and Sexuality, I Issue – Feb 1, 2021 Discuss the use of lihaaf as metaphor in Ismat Chugtai's story. Lihaaf is based on homosexuality which is still the most disputatious subject inIndia. In our anthology issue in January 2021 we republish In Plainspeakarticles from previous years about what wellbeing means to our contributors. */. Unlike a simile, where two things are compared directly using like or as, a metaphor's comparison is more indirect, usually made by stating something is something else. Discuss the use of lihaaf as metaphor in Ismat Chughatai's story. Our engagement with dating is expected to culminate in cisgender-heterosexual marriage, but what if we aren’t looking to live ‘happily ever after’ with another person? For example: Love is nota fruit; however, the meaning of the comparison is easily understood. She used wonderful metaphors and imagery to derive a heroic approach to writing, which still attracts and invites a lot of feminists to draw inspiration and edge from her works and approaches. In the February issue of In Plainspeak, we attempt to delve into these aspects of singlehood and how they relate to our socio-economic location, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, and disability status. It was about repressed sexual desires and the exploitation of another’s body to fulfil oneself. Writers use literary metaphors to evoke an emotional response or paint a vivid picture. It has taken us too many years to even acknowledge the existence of homosexuality. Use Of First Person Narration In Lihaaf By Ismaat Chughtai Search. At the time when Lihaaf was written, sexual relationships between people of the same gender were not discussed openly. Metaphor, used in our daily thinking and acting is an omnipresent principle of human languages and makes abstraction possible, therefore it is a must to think in metaphor. So here are some examples of metaphors: He wanted to set sail on the ocean of love but he just wasted away in the desert. [2]Chugtai, Ismat. 03)Students ask questions to the teachers. Would you like to contribute? Chughtai’s ‘Lihaaf’ narrates the story of Begum Jaan who receives no attention from her husband, Nawab Saheb, who “tucked her away in the house with his other possessions” and is sexually deprived. Begum Jaan in the story can be seen as a sexually-deprived woman who gets no attention from her husband, Nawab Sahab. Wellbeing may consist in living in alignment with who we truly are and feeling fulfilled, freely expressing our sexuality, or even being able to run 10 kilometres at a go. The constant reference to “the elephant” under the “quilt” which doesn’t let the narrator sleep, also serves as a metaphor for the sexual desires and relationships that are either not spoken of or only talked about in terms of metaphors and not addressed directly. What befalls the tree in winter and rainy season? Do take a look at our submission guidelines! Singlehood carries stigma – of being lonely, materialistic, selfish, sexually restricted or ‘unlucky in love’.